The Global Observatory for Gender Equality & Sport publishes policy briefs on various topics related to gender and inequalities in the context of physical education, physical activity, and sport. The Policy Brief Series aims to provide concise research analysis and research-based recommendations to policy actors across government and sport governance bodies. Each Policy Brief is reviewed by at least two expert reviewers who are external to the Global Observatory and edited by the Global Observatory.
Online Gender-Based Violence against Women and Girls in Sport
Abstract: Online gender-based violence (GBV) can include sexually explicit language, unpleasant remarks or social criticism connected to gender, gendered-microaggressions, sexual allusions, exaggerated rape and murder threats, and stalking. Violent interactions may be text or image-based and can target individuals directly and/or those closest to them.
Online GBV in sport curtails the rights of women and girls, impacts on their liberty, and poses a significant threat to their health, safety and wellbeing. The aim of this policy briefing is to share research perspectives on online gender-based violence against women and girls in sport and to make recommendations for global sporting organizations, online platforms, and governments who have a moral obligation to foster safer online communities.
Authors: Emma J. Kavanagh¹, Chelsea Litchfield², Jaquelyn Osborne², Keith D. Parry¹
¹Department of Sport and Event Management, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
²School of Allied Health, Exercise and Sports Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, Australia
Citation: Kavanagh, E.J., Litchfield, C., Osborne, J., and Parry, K.D. (2024). Online Gender-Based Violence Against Women and Girls In Sport. Gender and PEPAS Policy Brief Series. 1(1) Global Observatory for Gender Equality & Sport: Lausanne
To combat online hate speech, research is crucial to measure its prevalence and understand its causes and effects. International Sports Federations (ISFs) play a key role in athlete development and protection, including anti-doping and safeguarding athletes from abuse. There are over 300 ISFs globally, representing various sports.
This report examines the extent to which ISFs conduct and report primary research on hate speech in their sports. After searching 206 ISF websites and emailing 196 ISFs, we found only six English-language research reports published by ISFs. An additional six related research reports were identified. This Briefing Note provides an overview of these 12 reports.
Explore our findings and insights by downloading the full document.
This report reviews 68 peer-reviewed scholarly articles on online hate speech in sports, published between January 1, 2000, and October 18, 2023. Key findings include:
- Rapid increase in research on the topic in the last two years.
- Focus primarily on regions such as the USA (24%), UK (22%), and Australia (6%).
- Main sports studied include soccer, American football, basketball, and Australian rules football.
- Primary platforms studied: Twitter (41%), Facebook (19%), and Instagram (12%).
- Most researched types of hate: racism (37%), misogyny (24%), and homophobia (15%).
- Athletes are the main targets of online hate, with fans being the primary perpetrators.
- Predominant use of secondary data and qualitative methods in research.
This report not only highlights the major areas of concern but also identifies gaps in current research and offers recommendations for future studies. Download the full document to explore our findings and insights in detail.
The Fans’ Vision for the Future of Rallying
The FIA World Rally Championship (WRC) community has spoken. With over 11,000 responses, our latest survey reveals the undiminished passion for rally sport, emphasizing the appeal of its diverse conditions and authentic experiences. Fans are calling for the preservation of this variety, with a keen interest in endurance rallies and sustainable practices, while reflecting on the golden era of WRC as a blueprint for future excitement.
This report, guided by Professor David Hassan and enriched by insights from dedicated focus groups, not only charts the current state of fan engagement but also outlines a path forward for the WRC. Embracing nostalgia and innovation alike, it aims to ensure the Championship’s vibrant future and continued resonance with fans around the globe.
Join us as we delve into the heart of rally sport, guided by the voices of its most ardent supporters.
Embark on an engineering adventure with our International Engineering Scholarship.
Designed for aspiring global engineers, this program is your gateway to a future of innovation in motorsport leadership and management. This scholarship is a stepping stone to a world of innovation, leadership, and excellence in motorsport engineering.
Discover Our Education Programmes
Our scholarship aligns with FIA University’s commitment to providing advanced education in motorsport leadership and management. Immerse yourself in a learning environment that prepares you for the challenges of modern sports governance.
Engage with Our Research Initiatives
The scholarship also provides a chance to contribute to cutting-edge research that pushes the boundaries of motorsport engineering. We encourage our scholars to participate in doctoral and postdoctoral opportunities, fostering an environment where innovation thrives. Explore these opportunities in our Research section.
Become Part of Our Community
Joining our scholarship program means becoming part of a global community united against online abuse and advocating for positive change in the digital space. Find out more about our community values and initiatives at United Against Online Abuse.
Prepare for a Future in Motorsport Leadership
As a recipient of the Engineering Scholarship for International Students, you will be prepared to take on leadership roles within the dynamic field of motorsport. Our dedicated programs offer insights into the industry’s business side and the technological innovations driving it forward. Dive into our specialised content under Articles.
The 2024 Barometer Report, a landmark initiative by FIA University and funded by the FIA Foundation under the United Against Online Abuse campaign, unveils the pressing issue of online abuse in sports. Drawing from international federations’ insights, it highlights the critical need for united efforts to combat this digital menace, emphasizing the importance of collaboration between sporting bodies and online platforms. This report is a vital step towards a safer sporting environment online.
For more details, please read the article on FIA’s website here.
The FIA University is a central part of our ambition to make the FIA a knowledge-led federation. It’s inaugural graduation ceremony in Baku this month demonstrated its success with 57 graduates being recognised for their achievements. Many congratulations, too, to their clubs who should also be particularly proud of their achievements.
Dynamic Leadership
Led by Carmelo Sanz De Barros, Robert Reid, and Professor David Hassan, the ceremony highlighted the importance of visionary leadership in motorsport.
Educational Excellence
FIA University’s programs prepare students for impactful careers in Modern Sport Governance and Motorsport Leadership and Management, fostering industry leaders.
The FIA‘s commitment to “Sustainable Mobility in Motorsport” is vividly showcased in its insightful white paper, “Accelerating a Just Transition – The Motor Sport and Mobility Perspective”. This seminal document marks a significant stride in integrating sustainability into motorsport and personal mobility, reflecting the FIA’s dedication to a greener future.
Embracing Eco-Friendly Innovation in Motorsport
The FIA’s white paper, “Accelerating a Just Transition – The Motor Sport and Mobility Perspective”, aligns with the overarching mission of FIA University to advance knowledge in motorsport. While the specific educational programmes at FIA University, such as the Certificate in Motorsport Leadership and Management, focus on various aspects of motorsport and sport governance, the themes of sustainability and innovation in the white paper reflect the institution’s commitment to fostering a broader understanding and leadership in the field of motorsport. This commitment is pivotal in guiding the future of sustainable practices in motorsport and mobility sectors.
Consumer Participation in Sustainable Practices
The document underscores the critical role of consumers in achieving sustainable mobility. It aligns with our efforts through global coalitions at FIA University, aimed at fostering responsible and ethical practices in sports and mobility. Additionally, nurturing global talent is a priority, evident through scholarships like the FIA Engineering Scholarship.
Global Partnerships for Sustainable Development
The pursuit of sustainable mobility in motorsport extends beyond the FIA. It involves collaborative efforts with renowned institutions like Columbia University and ESADE Business School. These partnerships enrich our understanding and execution of sustainable practices in the field.
Conclusion
The FIA’s white paper is a comprehensive guide and a visionary roadmap for sustainable mobility in motorsport. It aligns with FIA University’s mission to promote a more sustainable and responsible future in the automotive and sports sectors. We invite you to read the full white paper here and join us at FIA University in this sustainable journey.
Discover our range of courses and initiatives aimed at fostering leadership and innovation in sustainable mobility at FIA University. Join us in shaping a more sustainable and environmentally-conscious world of motorsport and mobility.
Apply for a scholarship, study remotely and contribute to the FIA’s global movement against online abuse in sports whilst earning a master’s degree from Dublin City University.